1. Define quality objectives
2. Document processes
3. Implement controls
4. Monitor performance
5. Continuous improvement

// Access Control
interface AccessControl {
  // Control user access
  authenticateUser(credentials: Credentials): boolean
  
  // Enforce least privilege
  authorizeAction(user: User, resource: Resource): boolean
  
  // Review access rights
  auditAccess(user: User): AccessLog[]
  
  // Revoke access
  revokeAccess(user: User, resource: Resource): void
}

// Cryptography
interface Cryptography {
  // Encrypt sensitive data
  encryptData(data: string, key: string): string
  
  // Secure key management
  rotateKeys(): void
  
  // Hash passwords
  hashPassword(password: string): string
}

// Incident Management
interface IncidentManagement {
  // Detect incidents
  detectIncident(event: SecurityEvent): Incident | null
  
  // Respond to incidents
  respondToIncident(incident: Incident): Response
  
  // Log incidents
  logIncident(incident: Incident): void
  
  // Review lessons learned
  reviewIncident(incident: Incident): LessonsLearned
}

1. Risk Assessment
   - Identify threats
   - Assess impact
   - Prioritize risks

2. Business Impact Analysis
   - Critical functions
   - Recovery objectives
   - Resource requirements

3. Continuity Strategies
   - Backup systems
   - Alternative facilities
   - Communication plans

4. Testing & Exercises
   - Regular drills
   - Scenario testing
   - Update plans

Current State → Identify Gaps → Define Actions

Example:
- Current: No formal security policy
- Gap: ISO 27001 requires documented policies
- Action: Create and approve security policy

- Document processes
- Train employees
- Implement controls
- Gather evidence
- Conduct internal audits

Auditor reviews:
- Policies and procedures
- Process documentation
- Evidence of implementation
- Internal audit results

Auditor verifies:
- Processes are followed
- Controls are effective
- Evidence is maintained
- Continuous improvement

✅ Pass: Certificate issued (valid 3 years)
❌ Fail: Address non-conformities and re-audit

Year 1: Surveillance audit
Year 2: Surveillance audit
Year 3: Re-certification audit

# Quality Manual

## 1. Scope
Defines boundaries of QMS

## 2. Quality Policy
Organization's quality commitment

## 3. Organizational Context
Business environment and stakeholders

## 4. Leadership
Management commitment and roles

## 5. Planning
Quality objectives and risk management

## 6. Support
Resources, competence, awareness

## 7. Operation
Process execution and controls

## 8. Performance Evaluation
Monitoring, measurement, analysis

## 9. Improvement
Non-conformity and continual improvement

# Procedure: Incident Management

## Purpose
Respond to and resolve security incidents

## Scope
All information security incidents

## Responsibilities
- Security team: Incident response
- IT team: Technical remediation
- Management: Decision making

## Process
1. Detection and reporting
2. Classification and prioritization
3. Investigation and diagnosis
4. Resolution and recovery
5. Closure and review

## Records
- Incident log
- Investigation reports
- Lessons learned

// Example: Training Records
interface TrainingRecord {
  employeeId: string
  employeeName: string
  trainingTopic: string
  trainingDate: Date
  trainer: string
  completionStatus: 'completed' | 'in-progress' | 'pending'
  certificateIssued: boolean
  nextReviewDate: Date
}

// Example: Audit Records
interface AuditRecord {
  auditId: string
  auditType: 'internal' | 'external' | 'supplier'
  auditDate: Date
  auditor: string
  scope: string
  findings: Finding[]
  recommendations: string[]
  followUpDate: Date
}

interface Finding {
  severity: 'major' | 'minor' | 'observation'
  description: string
  evidence: string
  correctiveAction: string
  responsiblePerson: string
  targetDate: Date
  status: 'open' | 'closed'
}

1. Identify objectives
2. Assess current state
3. Plan improvements
4. Define metrics

1. Implement changes
2. Train personnel
3. Execute processes
4. Collect data

1. Monitor performance
2. Measure results
3. Analyze data
4. Identify gaps

1. Address issues
2. Standardize improvements
3. Update documentation
4. Continuous improvement

// Code review checklist (ISO 9001)
interface CodeReviewChecklist {
  functionalityCorrect: boolean
  codeQuality: boolean
  testCoverage: boolean
  documentationComplete: boolean
  securityReviewed: boolean
  performanceAcceptable: boolean
  reviewerApproval: string
  reviewDate: Date
}

// Testing evidence (ISO 9001)
interface TestEvidence {
  testId: string
  testDescription: string
  testSteps: string[]
  expectedResult: string
  actualResult: string
  status: 'pass' | 'fail'
  tester: string
  testDate: Date
  evidence: string[] // screenshots, logs
}

// Access control matrix (ISO 27001)
interface AccessControlMatrix {
  userId: string
  roles: string[]
  permissions: Permission[]
  approvedBy: string
  approvalDate: Date
  reviewDate: Date
}

// Security incident log (ISO 27001)
interface SecurityIncident {
  incidentId: string
  reportedDate: Date
  reportedBy: string
  description: string
  severity: 'critical' | 'high' | 'medium' | 'low'
  affectedSystems: string[]
  impactAssessment: string
  responseActions: Action[]
  resolvedDate: Date
  lessonsLearned: string
}

// Change request (ISO 20000)
interface ChangeRequest {
  changeId: string
  title: string
  description: string
  requestor: string
  urgency: 'emergency' | 'urgent' | 'normal'
  impact: 'high' | 'medium' | 'low'
  affectedSystems: string[]
  implementationPlan: string
  rollbackPlan: string
  approvalStatus: 'pending' | 'approved' | 'rejected'
  approvers: Approval[]
  implementationDate: Date
}

interface Approval {
  approver: string
  role: string
  decision: 'approved' | 'rejected'
  comments: string
  date: Date
}

## Internal Audit Plan

Audit Scope: Development process
Audit Date: 2024-02-15
Auditor: John Doe

Areas to Audit:
- Code review process
- Testing procedures
- Deployment process
- Documentation
- Change management

Audit Criteria:
- ISO 9001:2015
- Company procedures
- Industry best practices

## Code Review Process Audit

1. Is there a documented code review procedure?
   ☐ Yes ☐ No ☐ Partial
   Evidence: _______

2. Are all code changes reviewed before merge?
   ☐ Yes ☐ No ☐ Partial
   Evidence: _______

3. Are reviewers trained in the process?
   ☐ Yes ☐ No ☐ Partial
   Evidence: _______

4. Are review comments documented?
   ☐ Yes ☐ No ☐ Partial
   Evidence: _______

5. Is there evidence of reviews?
   ☐ Yes ☐ No ☐ Partial
   Evidence: _______

# Internal Audit Report

## Audit Details
- Date: 2024-02-15
- Auditor: John Doe
- Scope: Development process

## Findings

### Major Non-Conformity
None

### Minor Non-Conformity
1. Code review checklist not consistently used
   - Evidence: 3 of 10 PRs had no checklist
   - Corrective Action: Mandatory checklist enforcement
   - Responsible: Tech Lead
   - Due Date: 2024-03-01

### Observations
1. Review turnaround time varies significantly
   - Recommendation: Set SLA for reviews
   - Responsible: Engineering Manager

## Positive Findings
- 100% of code is reviewed before merge
- Clear documentation of review process
- Good engagement from reviewers

## Conclusion
Overall process is effective with minor improvements needed.

# Management Review Meeting

Date: Quarterly
Attendees: Management team

## Agenda

1. Review of previous actions
2. Changes in context (internal/external)
3. Performance metrics
   - Quality objectives
   - Customer satisfaction
   - Process performance
4. Audit results
   - Internal audits
   - External audits
5. Non-conformities and corrective actions
6. Customer feedback
7. Resource needs
8. Improvement opportunities
9. Actions for next period

interface ImprovementProposal {
  id: string
  title: string
  description: string
  currentState: string
  proposedState: string
  benefits: string[]
  costs: number
  effort: string
  priority: 'high' | 'medium' | 'low'
  proposedBy: string
  status: 'proposed' | 'approved' | 'implemented' | 'rejected'
}

interface CorrectiveAction {
  id: string
  issueDescription: string
  rootCause: string
  correctiveAction: string
  preventiveAction: string
  responsible: string
  dueDate: Date
  status: 'open' | 'in-progress' | 'completed' | 'verified'
  effectiveness: boolean
}

❌ Too much documentation
→ Focus on what adds value

✅ Right-sized documentation
→ Document what's necessary
→ Keep it practical
→ Make it accessible

❌ "This is just bureaucracy"
→ Show value and benefits

✅ "This helps us work better"
→ Involve people in design
→ Make it easy to follow
→ Celebrate improvements

❌ Only care during audits
→ Integrate into daily work

✅ Living management system
→ Regular reviews
→ Continuous improvement
→ Make it part of culture